Relative volatilities are not used in separation or absorption processes that involve components that chemically react with each other (for example, the absorption of gaseous carbon dioxide in aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide which yields sodium carbonate). Relative volatilities are used in the design of all types of distillation processes as well as other separation or absorption processes that involve the contacting of vapor and liquid phases in a series of equilibrium stages. By convention, relative volatility is typically denoted as. In other words, the higher is the relative volatility of a liquid mixture, the easier it is to separate the mixture components by distillation. In effect, it indicates the ease or difficulty of using distillation to separate the more volatile components from the less volatile components in a mixture. This measure is widely used in designing large industrial distillation processes. Relative volatility is a measure of the difference between the vapor pressure of the more volatile components of a liquid mixture and the vapor pressure of the less volatile components of the mixture. For other uses of the term Volatility, please see Volatility (disambiguation). This article is about Relative volatility.
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